Coronary artery disease is the most common heart disease and most common cause of death worldwide. According to WHO 3-7 million people die from coronary artery disease every year. An estimated data that CAD is responsible for about 10% disability-adjusted life years in low income countries and 18% in high income countries. The most common…
1. The non-glycoside positive ionotropic drugs is: a) Digoxin b) Strophantin K c) Dobutamine d) Digitoxin 2. This drug inhibits breakdown of cAMP in vascular smooth muscle: a) Digoxin b) Dobutamine c) Amrinone d) Dopamine 3. Mechanism of action of digitalis is: a) Inhibits Na+ K+ ATPase b) Inhibit Na+ H+ ATPase c) Active metabolites…
Dash SmrutiranjanHi…!! This is Smrutiranjan Dash, Assistant Professor of Pharmacology from Odisha, India. With a passion for teaching and a dedication to advancing the field of pharmacology, I am committed to sharing knowledge, fostering innovation, and inspiring future healthcare professionals. alleviatenow.in
Dash SmrutiranjanHi…!! This is Smrutiranjan Dash, Assistant Professor of Pharmacology from Odisha, India. With a passion for teaching and a dedication to advancing the field of pharmacology, I am committed to sharing knowledge, fostering innovation, and inspiring future healthcare professionals. alleviatenow.in
A cardiac arrhythmia is define as abnormal electrical rhythm of the heart or abnormal impulse generation or conduction of electrical impulses responsible for membrane depolarization. Pathogenesis · The cardiac cycle is normally initiated by an electrical discharge from SA node. · The atria and ventricles then activated sequentially as electrical depolarization passes through specialized conducting…
1) Acetylcholine is not a specific neurotransmitter at: a) Sympathetic ganglia b) Sympathetic ganglionic nerve endings c) Parasympathetic ganglia d) Parasympathetic postganglionic nerve endings. 2) Muscarinic receptor are located in: a) Autonomic ganglia b) Skeletal muscle neuromuscular junctions c) Autonomic effector cells d) Sensory carotid sinus baroreceptor zone 3) Location of M2 cholinoreceptor: a) Heart…
Drugs acting on autonomic nervous system Cholinergic drugs (Parasympathomimetic) Cholinergic agonist A. Cholinester · Acetylcholine · Carbachol · Bethanechol · Methacholine B. Alkaloids · Muscarine · Pilocarpine · Arecholine Anti-cholinesterase A. Reversible a) Carbamate · Physostigmine (Eserine) · Neostigmine · Pyridostigmine · Rivastigmine · Edrophonium · Donepezil · Galantamine b) Acridine · Tacrine B. …
A disorder in which the heart loses its ability to pump blood efficiently throughout the body. Sign and symptoms · Dilate pupils · Skin becomes pale, gray colour · Can’t breathe unless sitting up · Cough · Decrease BP · Nausea and vomiting · Edema · Anxiety · Failing oxygen saturation · Fatigue · Decrease…
Adrenergic system · The adrenergic drugs are activate the adrenergic receptor or adrenoreceptor by stimulating nor epinephrine (Nor adrenaline) or Epinephrine (Adrenaline). · It is also known as sympathomimetic. · The drugs that are blocks the activation of adrenergic receptor are named as sympatholytic. · The sympathomimetic acts on adrenergic receptor either directly (Direct-acting-agonist) or…
ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUG · Anticholinergics are those antagonize the effect of neurotransmitter (Ach) on autonomic effectors and in the CNS. CLASSIFICATION 1. Natural alkaloid e.g. Atropine, Hyoscine (Scopolamine) 2. Semisynthetic derivatives e.g. Homatropine, Atropine Methonitrate, Hyoscine butyl bromide, Ipratropium bromide, Tiotropium bromide 3. Synthetic derivatives A. Mydriatics: e.g. Cyclopentolate, Tropicamide B. Quaternary Compound e.g. Propantheline, Oxyphenonium,…
