Malaria · A disease caused by a Plasmodium parasite, transmitted by the bite of infected Anopheles mosquito. · Malaria caused by following species of parasites 1. Plasmodium vivax 2. Plasmodium ovale 3. Plasmodium falciparum 4. Plasmodium malariae 5. Plasmodium knowlesi · According to WHO estimation (2011) nearly 0.655 million death occur due to malaria each…
BRONCHIAL ASTHMA Asthma is chronic inflammation disease of air way that is characterized by increase responsiveness of tracheobronchial tree to a multiplicity of stimuli. Results: Narrowing of air tubes Increased secretion Mucosal oedema Mucous plugging Dyspnoea (shortness of breath) Wheezing Cough (persistent) STIMULUS · Tobacco smoke · Infections such as colds, flu, or pneumonia · …
PEPTIC ULCER · Peptic ulcer is gastrointestinal disorder which is exposed to gastric acid and pepsin on the lining of the esophagus, stomach and small intestine. · There are two type of peptic ulcer 1. Gastric ulcer (lining of the stomach) 2. Duodenal ulcer (from in the upper part of the small intestine) PARTS OF…
CANCER · Cancer is the uncontrolled proliferation and abnormal multiplication of cells within the body. · A mass of tissue formed as a result of; o Abnormal o Excessive o Uncoordinated o Autonomous and o purposeless o Proliferation of cells THE CELL CYCLE · Malignant cells go through normal mitosis but synthesize DNA and divide…
Dash SmrutiranjanHi…!! This is Smrutiranjan Dash, Assistant Professor of Pharmacology from Odisha, India. With a passion for teaching and a dedication to advancing the field of pharmacology, I am committed to sharing knowledge, fostering innovation, and inspiring future healthcare professionals. alleviatenow.in
BIOASSAY · Bio-living, assay-test · It is the process of determining the potency of the drug by using suitable biological system like animals, tissues, microbes etc. PRINCIPLE OF BIOASSAY · To compare the test substance with the International Standard preparation (IP, BP, USP) of the same. · To find out how much test substance is…
Insulin and hypoglycemic drugs Diabetes mellitus · It is chronic metabolic disorder characterized by a high blood glucose concentration (Hyperglycemia). MAJOR TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS Type-I diabetes Type-II diabetes · Body no longer able to produce insulin. · Usually develops during childhood, but develops at any age. · Still producing insulin, but it does not…
Hormone · Hormone produce intense biological activity that is produced by specific cells in the body and it transported through circulation on its target cells. Body function Major regulator hormones · Fuel · Insulin, glucagon, growth hormone · Metabolic rate · Tri-iodothyronine, thyroxine · Somatic growth · Growth hormone, insulin · Sex and reproduction · …
Autacoids Definition · Autacoid is derived from two word Autos means “Self” and Akos means “healing substance”. · Autacoids are the biological substance that release from the cell is response to variety of stimuli to produce physiological and pathological responses locally. · A hormone called local hormone that are produced by specific cells, and…
DRUGS ACTING ON THE KIDNEY PHYSIOLOGY OF URINE FORMATION · Urine formation begins from glomerular filtration. · Normally about 180 liters of fluid is filtrate every day. · All blood constitutions are filtrated at the glomerulus. · More than 99% of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in the tubules. · About 1.85 liters of urine…
